![]() by: Matt Welch This weekend's Wall Street Journal, in the course of sketching out the fiscal contours of Stimulus II, makes that claim. Excerpt: Remember how $200 billion in federal stimulus cash was supposed to save the states from fiscal calamity? Well, hold on to your paychecks, because a big story of 2010 will be how all that free money has set the states up for an even bigger mess this year and into the future. The combined deficits of the states for 2010 and 2011 could hit $260 billion, according to a survey by the liberal Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Ten states have a deficit, relative to the size of their expenditures, as bleak as that of near-bankrupt California. The Golden State starts the year another $6 billion in arrears despite a large income and sales tax hike last year. New York is literally down to its last dollar. Revenues are down, to be sure, but in several ways the stimulus has also made things worse. How's that? Read on: First, in most state capitals the stimulus enticed state lawmakers to spend on new programs rather than adjusting to lean times. They added health and welfare benefits and child care programs. Now they have to pay for those additions with their own state's money. A few governors, such as Mitch Daniels of Indiana and Rick Perry of Texas, had the foresight to turn down their share of the $7 billion for unemployment insurance, realizing that once the federal funds run out, benefits would be unpayable. "One of the smartest decisions we made," says Mr. Daniels. Many governors now probably wish they had done the same. Second, stimulus dollars came with strings attached that are now causing enormous budget headaches. Many environmental grants have matching requirements, so to get a federal dollar, states and cities had to spend a dollar even when they were facing huge deficits. The new construction projects built with federal funds also have federal Davis-Bacon wage requirements that raise state building costs to pay inflated union salaries. Worst of all, at the behest of the public employee unions, Congress imposed "maintenance of effort" spending requirements on states. These federal laws prohibit state legislatures from cutting spending on 15 programs, from road building to welfare, if the state took even a dollar of stimulus cash for these purposes. The upshot? This is the opposite of what the White House and Congress claimed when they said the stimulus funds would prevent economically harmful state tax increases. In 2009, 10 states raised income or sales taxes, and another 15 introduced new fees on everything from beer to cellphone ringers to hunting and fishing. The states pocketed the federal money and raised taxes anyway. Now, in an election year, Congress wants to pass another $100 billion aid package for ailing states to sustain the mess the first stimulus helped to create. Excess Risk: Care Of Uncle Sam 11/09/2009
![]() by: Shout Bits The mainstream media's narrative for the financial meltdown of 2008 generally states that a bunch of overly greedy Wall Street insiders cooked up inscrutable instruments like CDOs and MBSs, and then parsed them into further inscrutable derivatives like default swaps until nobody knew how much risk was out there. These instruments, which ultimately relied on debt structures up to 98% of their assets, were destined to fail given any correction in the underlying real estate assets' value. Occasionally, reporters throw in that Congress abetted the process by fueling excesses at Fannie Mae – Rep. Frank's famous "roll the dice" quote says it all. Even rarer is a mention of how the Bush Administration repeatedly tried to put the brakes on the debt orgy. Naturally, the whole mess stirs up the regulatory instinct in Washington. In the shadow of cap and trade and socialized medicine, Congress is rewriting government's role in the capital engine. The premise, especially on the Democrat side, is that the free market gets risk wrong and is prone to excess swings. Government's new role is to monitor aggregate risk, even regulating healthy firms. In effect the new laws will make Washington the gateway for all capital formation in the US. But what, really, did the free market have to say about securitized mortgages and the rest of the debt bubble? The open market measures risk by comparing a risky security to a similar but risk free security (e.g. government bonds). Most often this is expressed by the difference in return between a security and a US Treasury Bond (i.e. the spread). Riskier investments carry higher spreads, thus compensating investors for the relative lack of certainty of being repaid in full. By March 2008, before the bubble burst, the spread on a Fannie Mae bond had reached 258 basis points, or an extra 2.58% return per year over a similar government bond. By Comparison, two years earlier the equivalent spread wasy only 39bp (0.39%). Remember that these Fannie Mae instruments were considered highly safe by government approved risk experts (e.g. S&P and Moody's). These bonds were considered as safe as any private sector security, plus most people believed that Fannie Mae enjoyed the implicit guarantee of the government. Why would a AAA rated bond with an assumed government guarantee require a 258bp premium to sell in the open market? The answer is that the market knew something was badly amiss. In the absence of a AAA rating and a government guarantee, the bond should have been priced as junk. Why the AAA rating when the market knew better? The government actively contains the number of firms who issue such ratings, effectively creating a triumvirate that works in tandem. By allowing merely three agencies, there was little chance of a maverick questioning the status quo. Further, these agencies would hardly benefit from a reputation of being deal killers. Still further, since the government sponsored both Fannie Mae and the unofficial rating agency oligopoly, rocking the boat would be unwise. The ratings agencies rubber stamped MBSs, and their opinions were not valued by sophisticated bond investors. The government's medling with risk standards definitely caused the real estate bubble and collapse that engulfed the entire financial sector, but that is hardly stopping Washington from making things worse. Currently, the FDIC is hastening a commercial real estate collapse by arbitrarily requiring larger reserves for commercial loans than for residential loans. Even if a given commercial loan is performing well, the FDIC is requiring up to 30% more in reserves for that loan than for an even marginal residential loan. As a result, commercial lending is collapsing and dragging down both good and bad business properties. A free market that assesses risk would not paint with such a broad brush, but because the government has no skills at its new task, it can only generalize risk policies. Naturally, favored special interests are exempt from government risk restrictions, further distorting the efficient flow of capital. While Pres. Obama's plans to socialize health care, expand union influence, and eliminate energy dependent industries will harm the US, his sweeping plan to regulate and distort the process by which businesses form and grow is just as threatening. Voters need to know that government manipulation of risk assessment largely caused the 2008 disaster and that further government distortions of the free market system are not the path to recovery. Our Enormous Debt: A Lose-Lose Solution 06/08/2009
![]() by Thomas Craig President Obama is announcing that he is going to "ramp up" the stimulus spending over the next three months. The improvement in consumer confidence seems to make the President think that his stimulus is working. I happen to think that perhaps consumer confidence in the economy is improving because we no longer are subjected to the President of the United States coming on television every day and declaring that we are in the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. (That of course was a lie.) Its amazing how people can have a little more faith that hell has not frozen over when our elected Leaders stop screaming about how the sky is falling. So far, we have spent $2.7 Trillion dollars. That is only what we have spent, not even what we have PROMISED to spend. This amount of debt is unbearable by any means. Let's give the President the benefit of the doubt and say that the stimulus was a great idea and the economy is going to bounce back as a direct result of it. My question now is, how do we go about paying all this money back? I know the President is busy planning even more spending on his universal health care, but how do you suppose he is going to pay off the debt? Well, let's look at our two options... First, we do nothing and our currency inflates. The influx of money into our system will cause prices to rise more and more. Our salaries, of course, will not rise at the same level. This brings us to a sharp inflation of the dollar and the economy will suffer because of it. This will completely counter the stimulus measures that the President put into place and our economy will be even worse off than it originally was. Let's also not forget the world's confidence in the dollar will crumble. Some of our biggest Lenders will no longer want to gamble on our economy. (China, we're looking in your direction.) We can sit by and watch this happen, or... We can pay off the ridiculous debt we have accumulated. Once again, let's assume the economy improves under the stimulus. This is all borrowed money that we used and since ignoring it will lead to another economic crisis, we can take the initiative and pay off our debt. We don't want to borrow even more money to pay off our previously borrowed money, so we do the only thing we can do raise the sufficient funds. Raise taxes substantially. (Or possibly set up a stand and sell pies to China.) Nothing can turn an economy flaccid quicker than a hefty tax hike. Unfortunetly, the President is going to have to do more than just tax the wealthiest five percent of the Country. If you took all the money owned by the wealthiest 5%, every last penny of it, it still wouldn't be enough to pay off this debt. We are going to have to have taxes raised on everyone, including businesses already struggling by the current economic crisis. So as the title puts it, we have two options and neither looks fun. It is a true lose-lose situation, brought to you by the Democrats. The Reagan solution of lowering taxes significantly to stimulate the economy isn't looking so bad now, is it! Always remember, "Change" is NOT always a good thing. The "Seinfeld" Bank Plan 02/10/2009
![]() by Thomas Craig |




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